The Upanishads: Woven into the four Vedas as different kinds of philosophical discussions.
- Most significant are the Upanishads ("sitting beneath," i.e. knowledge obtained from a spiritual teacher).
- These texts indicate that all material forms are transient; they are temporary manifestations of an eternal energy, which in itself is beyond material duality.
- They indicate the oneness behind the variety and inspire people engaged in the rituals of the Vedas to go beyond their short-term goals.